Bibliographic record
Abstract
Granuloma annulare is a benign, usually self-limited granulomatous disease of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Several distinct subtypes have been recognized, namely localized granuloma annulare, generalized or disseminated granuloma annulare, subcutaneous granuloma annulare, papular granuloma annulare, interstitial or patch granuloma annulare, and perforating granuloma annulare. Localized granuloma annulare is the most common form in children and comprises 75% of cases. Clinically, the condition is characterized by asymptomatic, flesh-colored or erythematous-brown papules, frequently arranged in a ring or annular pattern on the distal extremities. It is estimated that 0.1 to 0.4% of new patients attending dermatologic clinics have granuloma annulare. Most cases of granuloma annulare occur before the age of 30 years. A delayed hypersensitivity and cell-mediated immune response to an antigen contributes to the pathogenesis. Histologic examination of the lesion shows central collagen degeneration and mucin deposition surrounded peripherally by palisading histiocytes and inflammatory cells. Most cases of granuloma annulare are asymptomatic and self-limited; and reassurance is often sufficient. Treatment is mainly for cosmetic purposes and various modalities of treatment options are discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".