Seismoelectric Measurements in a Borehole Penetrating Glaciofluvial Sediments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Seismoelectric signals have been measured as a function of depth using a broadband surface seismic source, and a multi‐electrode array suspended in a borehole penetrating glaciofluvial sands, silts, and glacial till. Transient electric field pulses, with amplitudes as small as 400 nV/m were observed to accompany the arrival of seismic P‐waves at the electrodes and are thought to be of electrokinetic origin. The observation borehole, cased with slotted PVC, penetrates sediments of the Fredericton aquifer system and has been logged with several other geophysical methods. During our experiment, seismic P‐waves were generated by striking a 9 m long PVC pipe that was inserted into an adjacent borehole. This source bypassed the dry surfacial sediments and provided good seismic coupling thereby producing a seismic pulse with a centre frequency of 290 Hz which is much higher than is usually obtained from conventional surface seismic sources. Co‐seismic seismoelectric effects dominated our records, but a weak interfacial effect appeared to originate from a clay/silt boundary. The strength of the co‐seismic seismoelectric signal varied with sediment type. It increased significantly in the porous sand layer which suggests that the co‐seismic signal could become useful in well logging to help identify and characterize aquifers. The measured seismoelectric signal amplitudes compare favourably to the expected values predicted by seismoelectric models using the a priory information of the borehole logs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".