Overexpression of VEGF165b in mouse ovary results in reduced litter size
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Angiogenesis in the ovary facilitates oxygen, nutrient and hormone delivery. VEGF, which plays a key role in regulation of ovarian follicle development, is differentially spliced in the terminal exon to form two families of proteins, VEGF xxx (angiogenic) and VEGF xxx b (anti‐angiogenic). To identify the function of VEGF 165 b in the ovary, nine female transgenic mice (TG) overexpressing VEGF 165 b under the control of the MMTV promoter and 10 wild type (WT) female littermates were mated with WT mice. RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry indicated strong expression of VEGF 165 b in ovaries of TG females. TG mothers produced litters of half the size of WT dams (3.3±0.4 vs. 5.8±0.7 pups/litter), or TG males (6.1±0.7 pups/litter). There was no developmental defect identified in either the WT or TG pups from TG mothers. The number of embryos released into oviducts by TG females were reduced to 82±6% of control mice. 38.5% of TG females had embryos lacked the Cumulus Cell‐Oocyte Complex, while none from WT females. Overexpression of VEGF 165 b appears to reduce fertility, possibly by its anti‐angiogenic actions on follicular development. Supported by the Wellcome Trust and British Heart Foundation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".