Investigating Portugueseness: Reflections on Recent Ethnographic Approaches
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The works under consideration in this essay all explore identities, relationships, and ways of life that have intersected, in one way or another, with Portugal’s intertwined history of emigration, empire, and nation-making. Two of them—Portuguese Women in Toronto: Gender, Immigration, and Nationalism, by Wenona Giles, and The Portuguese in Canada: From the Sea to the City, edited by Carlos Teixeira and Victor M.P. Da Rosa—focus on a relatively recent component of Portugal’s diaspora. The other two—D’Albuquerque’s Children: Performing Tradition in Malaysia’s Portuguese Settlement, by Margaret Sarkissian, and “Brazilians in Portugal, Portuguese in Brazil: Constructions of Sameness and Difference,” by Bela Feldman-Bianco—explore contemporary manifestations of Portugal’s history as a colonial power.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.041 | 0.047 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.011 | 0.013 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.023 | 0.041 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.018 | 0.016 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".