Response of four market classes of dry bean to acifluorfen, bentazon, and bentazon/acifluorfen applied postemergence
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Three distinct studies consisting of a total of 11 field trials were carried out from 2016 to 2019 in Ontario to assess the tolerance of four market classes of dry bean to acifluorfen, bentazon, and bentazon/acifluorfen applied postemergence (POST) at various rates. In Study 1, acifluorfen (265 and 530 g ai ha −1 ) and bentazon (577 and 1144 g ai ha −1 ) caused up to 13% and 8% visible injury, respectively, but did not affect the relative stand, height, seed moisture, or yield of dry bean. Bentazon/acifluorfen (842 and 1684 g ai ha −1 ) caused up to 32% visible injury in dry bean but did not affect the relative stand, height, moisture, or seed yield except at the 2× rate which reduced dry bean biomass, height, and yield 43%, 11%, and 11%, respectively. The preformulated mixture of bentazon/acifluorfen caused a synergistic increase in dry bean injury. In Study 2, acifluorfen (600 and 1200 g ai ha −1 ) and bentazon (1080 and 2160 g ai ha −1 ) injured dry bean up to 12% and to 9%, respectively, but did not affect the relative stand, height, moisture, or yield. Bentazon/acifluorfen (840 and 1680 g ai ha −1 ) injured dry bean up to 16% but did not affect the relative stand, height, moisture, or yield of dry bean except at the high rate which reduced biomass, height, and yield 17%, 9%, and 5%, respectively. In Study 3, acifluorfen (420 and 480 g ai ha −1 ) and bentazon (1080 and 2160 g ai ha −1 ) injured dry bean up to 24 and 16%, respectively, but did not affect the relative stand, height, seed moisture content, or yield except for the relative biomass which was reduced up to 17%. Bentazon/acifluorfen (840 and 1680 g ai ha −1 ) injured dry bean up to 45% but did not affect the relative stand, height, seed moisture, or yield except for biomass, height, and seed yield which were decreased 44%, 11%, and 12% at the high rate. This study concludes that acifluorfen alone or preformulated with bentazon applied POST at rates assessed cannot be safely used dry bean.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it