Investigating the nature and properties of MAXI J1810−222 with radio and X-ray observations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT We present results from radio and X-ray observations of the X-ray transient MAXI J1810−222. The nature of the accretor in this source has not been identified. In this paper, we show results from a quasi-simultaneous radio and X-ray monitoring campaign taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array, the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory X-ray Telescope (XRT), and the Swift Burst Alert Telescope. We also analyse the X-ray temporal behaviour using observations from the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer. Results show a seemingly peculiar X-ray spectral evolution of MAXI J1810−222 during this outburst, where the source was initially only detected in the soft X-ray band for the early part of the outburst. Then, ∼200 d after MAXI J1810−222 was first detected the hard X-ray emission increased and the source transitioned to a long-lived (∼1.5 yr) bright, harder X-ray state. After this hard state, MAXI J1810−222 returned back to a softer state, before fading and transitioning again to a harder state and then appearing to follow a more typical outburst decay. From the X-ray spectral and timing properties, and the source’s radio behaviour, we argue that the results from this study are most consistent with MAXI J1810−222 being a relatively distant (≳6 kpc) black hole X-ray binary. A sufficiently large distance to source can simply explain the seemingly odd outburst evolution that was observed, where only the brightest portion of the outburst was detectable by the all-sky XRTs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".