Characteristics of Cumulative Annual Radiation Exposure in Young Intensive Care Unit Survivors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk for hazardous medical radiation exposure. However, the cumulative annual radiation exposure in ICU survivors remains unknown. METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective study of all critically ill adult patients admitted to the 64-bed adult medical ICU at a quaternary medical center. The study included patients aged 18 to 39 years admitted through the year 2013 (January 1, 2013-December 31, 2013) who survived their respective ICU admission. RESULTS: A total of 353 patients were included in the study. The median cumulative effective dose (CED) for the calendar year was 9.14 mSv (interquartile range, 1.74-27 mSv). In 11.6% of the patients (n = 41), CED was more than 50 mSv, while 5.1% of the patients (n = 18) exceeded annual CED of 100 mSv. Overall, radiation exposure from ICU-related imaging studies was lower than those from other medical settings (mean difference, -9.2 ± 83.6; P < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in exposure (ICU versus non-ICU) when restricting the analysis to patients with a CED of greater than 50 and greater than 100 mSv. Eighty-seven percent of the original cohort was alive at the end of the year. CONCLUSIONS: Young ICU survivors are at risk for high annual radiation exposure from both ICU and non-ICU sources. A subset is exposed to hazardous annual radiation exposure in excess of 100 mSv.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".