Genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships of <i>Leptosphaeria maculans</i> and <i>L. biglobosa</i> in Northern regions of Iran
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Blackleg, caused by Leptosphaeria maculans, and L. biglobosa, is a major disease that hinders canola (Brassica napus) production worldwide. In this study, 51 Leptosphaeria isolates, and previously deposited sequences were examined for genetic diversity using ITS, β-tubulin, tef and act gene regions. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the isolates fell within two sub-species of brassicae and canadensis. Out of 51 Iranian isolates, 55%, 37%, and 8% were found as L. biglobosa canadensis, L. biglobosa brassicae, and L. maculans, respectively. Accordingly, the canadensis sub-species was found to be the predominant sub-species in Iran. There was no difference between Iranian and foreign brassicae sub-species in terms of ITS nucleotide sequences. This paper confirms the presence of brassicae and canadensis sub-species in Iran and describes the distribution of L. biglobosa in the country. Moreover, Leptosphaeria species were distinguished using a phylogenetic tree based on the tef region.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".