Quantitative volumetric analysis of piriform cortex on MRI and its clinical correla- tion in drug-refractory TLE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction In animal studies, an area known as the piriform cortex (PC) has been implicated to be a critical area of epileptogenesis. However, this has seen limited translation to human studies. Objective To understand the degree of damage to PC in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) as well as to correlate clinical characteristics of TLE with PC volumetry. Methods Manual segmentation of the PC on structural MR images of 60 consecutive adults with drug- refractory unilateral TLE and 20 age matched control subjects was performed. Univariate and multivari- ate regression models were employed to examine the relationship of PC and hippocampal volumes with clinical variables collected. Results In controls, consistent asymmetry between the left and right PC was found. The right PC was consistently larger than the left across all study groups. Notably, the inter-rater and intra-rater variability were in good agreement. This study found that both the ipsilateral (r=-0.291, p=0.012) and contralateral (r=-0.338, p= 0.008) PC volumes have a negative correlation with the duration of epilepsy. Therefore, evidencing the damage of PC in mesial TLE. The temporal atrophy of the PC correlated with temporal atrophy of the hippocampus. This study could not strongly establish the correlation between any other clinical variable studied. Conclusion Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm the findings of this study to enable the PC to be considered in treatment strategies for patients with drug-refractory TLE. siqbal2482@gmail.com
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".