“Watching my family being killed by terrorists made me really depressed”: Mental health experiences, challenges and needed support of young internally displaced persons in northern Nigeria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Over 3.9 million people have been displaced in Nigeria as a result of the over one-decade-long Boko Haram insurgency and about 2.1 million of this population are internally displaced within the country. Young internally displaced persons (IDPs) are at higher risk of mental illness such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among others, however, there are sparse studies on this population. Therefore, this study explored the mental health experiences, challenges, and needed support for young internally displaced persons in Durumi and New Kuchingoro Internally Displaced Persons Camps in Nigeria. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted among young IDPs in Durumi and New Kuchingoro IDP camps in Northern Nigeria. Fourteen (14) focus group discussions comprising 89 participants and 30 in-depth interviews with 30 participants were conducted with young IDPs. The interviews were in Hausa and Pidgin English, audio-recorded, transcribed, translated into English, and applied thematic analysis was done using MAXQDA Analytics Pro 2020. Results: A total of 89 participants consisting of 47 males and 42 females participated in the FGDs and IDIs. Five key themes emerged from the FGDs and IDI: (1) knowledge about mental health, (2) mental Health Experiences, (3) coping strategies, (4) availability of mental health and other health Support, and (5) needed support. Young IDPs had fair knowledge about mental healthcare. Participants reported their experience before displacement as being peaceful with members of the family together in a good environment while they experienced stress, trauma, shock, sadness, and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD during and post displacement. Personal coping strategies such as listening to music, engaging in sports, reading books, farming, and other economic activities were reported by participants. Participants reported the absence of structured and specialized mental health support in the IDP camps and solicited mental health, physical health, economic and educational support. Conclusion: Young IDPs had negative experiences that led to symptoms of mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety disorders, PTSD among others with little or no access to quality mental healthcare. Hence, they require specialized and structured mental health support to lead healthy and productive lives. Policy and programs aimed at increasing access to mental health information and services for forced migrants are recommended.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".