Lignocellulosic Biomass Waste Adsorbent for Removal of Dye from Aqueous Solution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Date Palm Tree Fiber (DPTF) is a renewable raw material which is considered a biomass waste excess of date farms and manufactures. This biomass was successfully utilized as solid phase extractor (SPE) for removal of methylene Blue dye (MB) from polluted water. The chemical composition and the surface morphology of the SPE was critically assigned based on FT-IR, and FE-SEM. In batch separation mode, the impact of several analytical parameters e.g. contact time, weight of biomass, solution pH and initial concentration on the MB dye uptake from aqueous media by DPTF solid adsorbent was critically studied. At the optimized parameters, good adsorption capacity (qe,exp =9.153 mg/g) at pH 6 was achieved. The data of MB uptake were subjected to Langmuir and Freundlich to assign the most probable retention mechanism. The adsorption fitted well with Langmuir isotherm models qm 648 mg/g. The data were fitted well with pseudo- second order model as supported from the qe,cal (9.225 mg/g) value. Excellent extraction (99%) of MB dye was achieved from the environmental water samples. The DPTF solid sorbent is a non-toxic and renewable raw material of lignocellulosic biomass has a potential to uptake MB dye from wastewater.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".