The relative importance of different consequences of nocturnal enuresis among older women: A conjoint analysis experiment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Adult nocturnal enuresis (NE) is an understudied and bothersome condition. Our objective was to conduct a conjoint analysis experiment to better understand the relative importance of NE consequences in older women. METHODS: We developed a conjoint analysis survey that included four attributes related to NE (awakening at night, feeling rested in the morning, restricting fluid before bed, and wet perineal skin). We performed a prospective cross-sectional online study of women >62 years of age with NE using Sawtooth Software. Patients completed baseline questions, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-nocturia Quality of Life (ICIQ-NqoL), and the conjoint analysis experiment. Hierarchical Bayes random effects regression analysis was used to determine the relative importance of the four attributes. RESULTS: A total of 200 women with a mean age of 71 years completed the study. The most common management of NE was diapers/pads (132/200). Approximately half of the participants experienced NE several times a week or nightly (101/200). The most important attribute was the frequency of being awakened at night (34, standard deviation [SD]: 16) and the frequency of feeling rested in the morning (32, SD: 15). Limiting drinking before bed (18, SD: 12) and wet groin skin (16, SD: 10) had significantly lower importance scores (p < 0.05). Age, sleeping with a partner in bed, body mass index, NE severity score, and the ICIQ-NqOL score were not significantly associated with any of the importance scores. CONCLUSIONS: Older women with NE place significantly more importance on the frequency of awakening at night, and feeling rested in the morning and lesser importance on associated lifestyle or physical manifestations of NE.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".