Study on the Effect of Thermal Shock on Al‐Doped ZnO Films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Al‐doped ZnO (AZO) films are fabricated on Si wafer and quartz glass by radio‐frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. 2 × 2 × 2 AZO supercells are built and analyzed using first principles based on density functional theory. The thermal shock is performed on AZO with 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 shocks according to photoelectric testing standards. After the thermal shock, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the (002) diffraction peaks are relatively stable, and the obvious (100) preferential orientation is observed under 10 shocks, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and XRD show the structures of AZO films have little change and maintain hexagonal wurtzite structure, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows the Zn 2p binding energy all shift to the higher energy, indicating the high oxygen content in shocked AZO films. The simulation results show that the bandgaps decrease and the Fermi energy moves slightly to conduction band minimum after thermal shock. The experimental and simulation results indicate that the transmittance of AZO degrades significantly due to the increase in oxygen concentration, which means the thermal factor is adverse to photodetectors and solar cells related to light absorption and transmission.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".