Modeling and Analysis of Hybrid Dual Active Bridge Converter to Optimize Efficiency Over Whole Operating Range
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To improve the efficiency of hybrid dual active bridge (HDAB) converter with a half-bridge structure on the primary side and a full-bridge structure on the secondary side over the entire operating range, this article proposes a novel four-degree-of-freedom (4-DOFs) modulation scheme by taking full advantage of the respective structural characteristics of the half bridge and full bridge. First, a universal steady-state model of the HDAB converter with the 4-DOF modulation scheme is established in the frequency domain, revealing the relationship between modulation DOFs and steady-state quantities. Then, the optimal four-DOF (O4-DOF) modulation scheme is obtained for minimizing the inductor root-mean-square (rms) current with the help of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Compared to the conventional phase shift modulation (PSM) scheme, the proposed O4-DOFs modulation scheme greatly improves the converter efficiency. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified by building an experimental platform with an input voltage of 400 V, an output voltage of 100–200 V, and an output power of 1 kW.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".