Micro Droplet Corrosion: Measuring Changes in Wetting and Surface Area during Electrochemical Measurements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dynamic surface wetting that occurs during electrochemical droplet cell corrosion measurements on an Al alloy and Cu galvanic couple was monitored using the combination of a goniometer and potentiostat. The in situ observation of wettability during polarization of each metal and at the interface in 0.4 μL, 0.05 M NaCl aqueous droplets was performed. Droplet spreading was heterogeneously dynamic for measurements at the interface of the two metals due to the diffusion of oxygen from the surrounding environment into the droplet edges that was reduced on the cathodic metal, thus increasing the wettability on this region. The anodic metal served as a sacrificial anode and remained in a constant wetted state. Performing measurements under anaerobic conditions, where minimal changes in voltammetric response were observed, inhibited such dynamic wetting. All voltammetry was normalized by the surface area of the droplet footprint, which was measured after droplet evaporation instead of overestimating the corrosion current densities by assuming the droplet size to be same diameter as the pipette aperture. This work highlights the potential for the combined goniometer-electrochemical setup to further enhance the corrosion community’s knowledge about interfacial chemistry, the influence of surface preparation on droplet footprint size, and the importance of considering the dynamic evolution of micro/nanoscale droplets on heterogeneous substrates when estimating corrosion rates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".