Bone formation around implants in extraction sockets after immediate implantation in response to different treatments: a pre-clinical study in the canine posterior mandible
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Aim This study aimed to explore new bone formation around implants in extraction sockets after immediate implantation in the canine posterior mandible in response to different treatments. Materials and methods The 4th premolar and the 1st molar of six Labrador dogs were extracted from the mandible, and then, 4 dental implants were implanted. The mesial and distal gaps between the implants and the sockets were treated with one of four methods and divided into the following groups: (1) the blank group (group BG), (2) the collagen membrane (CM) group (group C), (3) the deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) group (group D), and (4) the DBBM+CM group (group DC). Sequential fluorescent labeling was performed at 4, 8, and 10 weeks after the operation. After 12 weeks, the dogs were euthanized, and specimens were collected for micro-CT scanning and histological analysis. Results The survival rate was 100%. Micro-CT showed significant differences in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume fraction (BVF) among the four groups (P = 0.040, P = 0.009); other indicators were not significantly different among the groups. Histological analysis showed that the proportion of new bone formation and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) were not significantly different among the groups. Conclusion The current study demonstrated that although DBBM can significantly increase BMD and BVF, the use of DBBM and CM did not significantly improve bone formation in extraction sockets around the implants.Clinical relevance According to the current animal experiment, DBBM and CM may not have a significant impact on bone formation in the extraction socket of IIP in the posterior mandible, suggesting that there was no sufficient reason to recommend the application of these two kinds of materials in mesiodistal extraction sockets around IIP in mandibular molar sites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".