All but Forgotten: Early Measures for Maritime Safety on Canada’s West Coast
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The exponential population growth and expansion of shipping from 1867 to 1914 in both British Columbia and the American Pacific Northwest led to marine disasters along the area known as “The Graveyard of the Pacific.” Despite repeated calls for improved marine safety measures from concerned Canadians and Americans, by the early twentieth century, this burgeoning Pacific Gateway remained completely devoid of any of the direct lifesaving measures that were then common-place on the shores of both the Atlantic coasts and Great Lakes. This paper will examine the development of local life-saving measures on Canada’s Pacific Gateway and Ottawa’s response to calls for greater support. La croissance exponentielle de la population et l’expansion du transport maritime de 1867 à 1914 en Colombie-Britannique et dans le Nord-Ouest du Pacifique américain ont entraîné des catastrophes maritimes le long de la zone connue comme le « cimetière du Pacifique ». Bien que des Canadiens et des Américains inquiets se soient succéder à lancer des appels en faveur de l’amélioration des mesures de sécurité maritime, au début du 20e siècle, cette porte d’entrée du Pacifique en plein essor était complètement dépourvue des mesures directes nécessaires à la survie qui étaient alors communes sur la côte de l’Atlantique et le long des rives des Grands Lacs. Cet article étudie l’élaboration de mesures régionales visant à sauver des vies dans la porte d’entrée canadienne du Pacifique et la réaction d’Ottawa aux demandes d’un meilleur appui.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".