Epididymal Based Changes in Spermatozoa of Dromedary Camels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study was aimed to declare the role of epididymal passage on semen features, DNA integrity and ultrastructures changes in dromedary camel. The testes with attached epididymis of mature dromedary camels (n=50) were collected during the rutting season from December to April. The harvested spermatozoa from the three-main anatomical epididymal segments (Head, body and tail) were assessed for semen characters, DNA integrity as well as, ultra-structural changes. A significant difference in semen features (individual motility, sperm count, membrane and acrosome intactness, viability, normality, maturity, abnormalities and acrosome length and perimeter) among different epididymal segments. Spermatozoa from epididymal tail showed a significantly (p<0.05) lower DNA fragmentation than those collected from head segment while agarose gel electrophoresis revealed non-significant difference in DNA intensity between spermatozoa from the three epididymal regions. Ultra-structures of the epididymal spermatozoa showed changes in acrosome shape, sub-acrosomal space, chromatin condensation and protoplasmic droplet during epididymal passage. The protoplasmic droplets varied in size, density and position with the epididymal segments. In conclusion, epididymal passage (from the head to the tail) is an essential pre-request for dromedary camels’ spermatozoa to attain high fertilising capacity through its great influence on spermatozoa characteristics and the fine cytological structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".