Factors associated with mental health service use among families bereaved by pediatric cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Objectives We identified types of interventions used by bereaved family members and examined associations with demographic and medical factors. Furthermore, we examined associations between distress and intervention use among bereaved families. Methods Bereaved families ( n = 85) were recruited from three children's hospitals 3–12 months after their child died of cancer. One eligible sibling (ages 8–17) per family was randomly selected for participation. During home visits 1-year post-death, parents reported on their own and the sibling's intervention use, helpfulness, and dose (self-help books, support groups, therapy, medication), and distress, defined as internalizing, externalizing, and total problems (Adult Self Report, Child Behavior Checklist). Results Fifty percent of mothers used medications ( n = 43); utilization was low among fathers (17%, n = 9) and siblings (5%, n = 4). Individuals with more total problems were more likely to use medications (mothers: r pb = 0.27; p = 0.02; fathers: r pb = 0.32; p = 0.02; siblings: r pb = 0.26; p = 0.02). Mothers and siblings with more total problems used more services ( r = 0.24; p = 0.03 and r = 0.29; p = 0.01, respectively). Among mothers, the overall regression was significant, R 2 = 0.11, F (2, 80) = 4.954, p = 0.01; the deceased child's age at death was significantly associated with total services used ( b = 0.052, p = 0.022). Among fathers, the overall regression was significant, R 2 = 0.216, F (3, 49) = 4.492, p = 0.007; race and years of education were significantly associated with total services used ( b = 0.750, p = 0.030 and b = 0.154, p = 0.010). Among siblings, the overall regression was significant R 2 = 0.088, F (2, 80) = 3.867, p = 0.025; greater total problems were significantly associated with total services used ( b = 0.012, p = 0.007). Significance of results Although few background factors were related to intervention use, bereaved mothers and siblings may seek services if they have more distress. Healthcare providers should be aware of the types of services that are most often utilized and helpful to bereaved families to connect them with appropriate resources. Future research should investigate other predictors of intervention use and outcomes after the death of a child.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".