The Influence of Environmental Factors on Product Innovations in Emerging Markets: The Institutional Theory Perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study addresses how environmental factors in emerging markets affect product innovation properties, categorized as frugality, sociality, and technological sophistication. A questionnaire survey among Japanese overseas subsidiaries in 13 emerging countries was conducted to collect data on environmental factors and new product innovation characteristics. Hierarchical OLS regression analysis was employed to estimate the influences. The results reveal that companies in emerging markets tend to adopt frugality, sociality, and technological sophistication innovation when consumers have low purchasing power, institutional voids exist, and resources are available, respectively. Traditional innovation literature has been built on the assumption of consumer affluence and resource abundance. However, the findings might not apply to the context of emerging markets owing to environmental constraints in these markets. This study is the first to empirically show the influence of environmental circumstances on firms' innovation strategies. The issue of generalizability may exist because of the limited number of samples collected from firms originating in one country (i.e., Japanese overseas subsidiaries). However, this study provides a framework to better understand how the innovation decisions of firms operating in emerging markets may vary depending on environmental factors. This study provides critical insights into how firms should adapt their innovation strategies to the market environment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".