Vortex shedding characteristics and aerodynamic forces of a finned cylinder in cross-flow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The vortex shedding characteristics and aerodynamic forces of a crimped, spirally finned cylinder in cross-flow are experimentally investigated within Reynolds number range of 20×103≤ ReDeq ≤60×103, where Deq is the equivalent diameter. Three different finned cylinders with varying fin pitch-to-root diameter ratios (p/Dr) are studied and compared to their equivalent diameter (Deq) bare cylinder. In comparison to the bare cylinder, the finned cylinders exhibit a notably enlarged vortex formation length. This is due to a lower Coriolis acceleration as a result of a lower vortex force within the formation region. Reduction in the p/Dr led to a progressive increase in the vortex force. This led to a gradual decrease in the vortex formation length. Moreover, the increase in the vortex force resulted in a notable increase in the transverse Reynolds stresses and the development of more concentrated vortex cores. Indicative of a more correlated vortex shedding process, at certain p/Dr, the contribution of the coherent portion of the transverse Reynolds stresses to the total transverse Reynolds stresses exceeded that of the bare cylinder. However, due to the weaker vortex force, the amplitude of the periodic portion of the transverse Reynolds stresses never exceeded that of the bare cylinder. Although for certain p/Dr, the vortex shedding process was more correlated, the combination of an elongated vortex formation length and lower vortex force resulted in weaker dynamic loading on the finned cylinders in comparison to the bare cylinder case. The findings of this study show that the equivalent diameter approach is flawed, as it does not capture any of the intrinsic changes in the flow characteristics and hence the dynamic loading on the finned cylinders.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".