Well-Being and the Outdoors: An Environmentalism Study Among a Religious Student Population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Environmental attitudes (EAs, i.e., overall responsibility or general attitudes toward the environment), environmental behaviors (EBs, i.e., willingness to engage in or change behaviors relating to the environment), and environmental concerns (ECs, i.e., concern about environmental issues) are important variables related to outdoor recreation, health behaviors, mental health, and even religion. For the present study, we aimed to examine the relationship between these variables using an online survey of introductory-level students attending a religious university consisting primarily of members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Results were then assessed using linear and stepwise regression analysis. Results indicate a significant positive correlation between EAs with diet quality (i.e., whole grains, vegetables, and fruits: p < .001) and life satisfaction (p = .02) and a negative correlation between EAs and negative affect (p < .001). EBs were correlated positively with having a high-quality diet (i.e., whole grains, vegetables, and fruits: p < .001), exercise behaviors (p = .01), life satisfaction (p = .024), and low levels of negative affect (p = .01). Interestingly, ECs were correlated with high levels of anxiety (p = .001), depressive symptoms (p = .002), perceived stress (p < .001), diet quality (i.e., whole grains: p = .02; vegetables: p = .005; fruits: p < .001), and low levels of life satisfaction (p = .011). Although EAs and EBs tended to correlate mostly with positive outcomes, ECs had several negative results implicating differences between EAs, EBs, and ECs. Thus, religious students were more willing and likely to engage in pro-EBs than previous studies have suggested.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".