Inventions on phosphate‐free chemical leavening
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary Phosphate‐based acid‐reacting compounds are major constituents of chemical leavening, which also contain gas‐releasing compounds such as sodium bicarbonate. The aim of this study was to review phosphate‐free leavening acids according to the patent literature, a source of information that is rarely cited. Not less than 65 phosphate‐free acids were mentioned in patent specifications on chemical leavening that were filed between 1836 and 2021; most of these novel acid‐reacting materials were first introduced in letters patent for inventions, 138 in total. Inventors had more interest in tartrates, lactates, sulphates and lactones. In the recent years, there has been renewed interest for highly wholesome, nonsynthetic, aluminium‐free, phosphate‐free and sodium‐free baking powder formulations that would not impart off‐taste to bakery foods. Acid‐free activating materials such as calcium chloride have been proposed to reduce the level of chemical leavening in bakery foods and improve their flavour.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it