Is bullying by peers in youth related to sexual depression in adulthood? A mediation model of shame, social anxiety, and body satisfaction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined whether being bullied by peers in childhood and adolescence was associated with sexual depression in adulthood, and whether this relationship was mediated by shame, social anxiety and body dissatisfaction, and moderated by gender. A large sample of adults ( N = 1210, M age = 27.07 years, SD = 7.87, 44.8% cisgender men, 47.9% cisgender women, 7.3% other genders) completed an online questionnaire on various sexual and life experiences. Linear regression of sexual depression on bullying incidence was statistically significant ( β = .08, p = .001), as was our moderated mediation model ( R 2 = .42, F(21, 1188) = 40.15, p < .001). Bullying was positively associated with shame ( B = .09, p < .001) and social anxiety ( B = .06, p < .001), and negatively associated with body satisfaction ( B = −.06, p < .001). Furthermore, shame ( B = .35, p < .001), social anxiety ( B = .15, p = .011) and lower body satisfaction ( B = −.25, p < .001) were positively associated with sexual depression. Shame was more strongly associated with sexual depression for cisgender men ( B = .03, 95% CI = [.02, .05]) than for cisgender women ( B = .01, 95% CI = [.00, .02]). Altogether, shame, social anxiety, and low body satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between bullying incidence in youth and sexual depression in adulthood. Implications for strengthening anti-bullying measures in schools and for promoting sexual well-being are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".