Characteristics of Deliveries Resulting in Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Multi-Centred Retrospective Case Series
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To characterize clinical management of deliveries resulting in neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. DESIGN: Retrospective case series SETTING: Three academic referral medical centers in the United States POPULATION: All neonates ≥35 weeks’ gestation with HIE based on cord blood pH<7.0, base deficit of ≥12.0mmol/L, along with relevant radiological, laboratory, and clinical findings. METHODS: Clinical management was characterized based on whether (i)delivery occurred within 120 minutes of presentation, (ii)delivery occurred due to a sentinel event such as cord prolapse or uterine rupture, and (iii)the fetal heart rate tracing(FHR) demonstrated variability, accelerations, or both upon presentation and in the half hour before delivery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relationship of mode of delivery to FHR tracing characteristics at delivery. Obstetric outcomes, labour course and management were analysed. RESULTS: Of 144,904 deliveries, 102 maternal-newborn dyads met criteria. Of these, 19 delivered within 120 of minutes of presentation and four further women experienced a sentinel event. Of the remaining 79, 66(84%) had a FHR tracing on presentation that demonstrated variability, accelerations or both. Of these 66 cases, 27 had a fetal heart tracing that demonstrated variability, accelerations or both in the 30 minutes preceding delivery. CONCLUSION: Approximately two-thirds of cases of HIE occurred in cases where the FHR tracing initially demonstrated variability, accelerations, or both, without a sentinel event and without a condition requiring delivery within 120 minutes of presentation. Of these >40% had variability, accelerations, or both in the half hour before delivery. This suggests additional insights are required to prevent some cases of HIE.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".