Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on early clinical outcome after total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective comparative analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: To help combat the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, elective inpatient procedures have been reduced. The authors hypothesized that a nationwide lockdown would negatively affect the postoperative outcome after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) due to reduced physiotherapy as well as restrictions in external facilities of physiotherapy and rehabilitation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, comparative study including 41 patients who had undergone primary TKA during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 to April 2020 and a comparable control group consisting of 47 patients with a minimum follow-up of 6 months before the COVID-19 pandemic from 2019. Relevant end points were the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, Knee Society Function Score (KSS), Oxford Knee Score (OKS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and range of motion (ROM). RESULTS: The lockdown group had a significantly worse outcome compared to the control group 6 months after TKA regarding WOMAC (p = 0.001), KSS (p < 0.001), OKS (p < 0.001), and length of hospital stay (p < 0.001). We found no statistically significant difference between the groups in ROM (p = 0.132), KSFS (p = 0.933), VAS at rest (p = 0.9.22), and exercise (p = 0.304). CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected early clinical outcome parameters of elective primary TKA at 6 months of follow-up due to restrictions in postoperative care. We believe that standardized protocols for physiotherapy will improve clinical outcomes for TKA in the event of future lockdowns and underline the importance of appropriate postoperative care during this pandemic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".