Distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates in relation to physicochemical parameters and macrophyte cover in the Ketar River, Ethiopia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of physicochemical parameters and macrophyte on the macroinvertebrate assemblages in the Ketar River, which drains into Lake Ziway. Six sampling sites were selected along the river stretch and samples were collected from December to April 2017/2018 based on the method outlined in Ontario Benthos Biomonitoring Network Protocol Manual. A total of 5,450 individuals comprised of one class, 7 orders, and 23 families were collected during the study period. Hemiptera families were the predominant taxa and contributed the largest percentage of the total samples followed by the Coleoptera. Notonectidae and Corixidae shared the highest total abundance. This study confirmed that the sites covered with macrophytes were significantly different from the substrate both in taxa richness and total abundance (P < 0.05). Redundancy Analysis revealed that pH, Temperature, electric conductivity, DO, NO2, NO3, NH4, SiO2 and TP were the most important variables explaining the variation in macroinvertebrate assemblage patterns. The mean Shannon diversity index also indicated that the sites covered by the macrophyte stand had a significantly higher value than the sites sampled from the substrate, which implies that macrophytes support abundant, and promoting the diversity of macroinvertebrates. Thus, the conservation of macrophytes can enhance the conservation of macroinvertebrates along the course of the river, besides the role of macrophyte in sediment trapping and reducing sedimentation buildup in Lake Ziway.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".