Light Physical Activity Relates To Insulin Sensitivity And Earlier Time Of Day In Metabolic Syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Low insulin sensitivity is linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, whether the time of day when light physical activity (LPA) occurs affects insulin sensitivity is unclear. We tested the relationship between LPA time of day and insulin sensitivity in MetS. METHODS: Thirty adults with MetS were classified as morning (MOR, n = 11, 9F), midday (MID, n = 9, 6F), or afternoon (AFT, n = 10, 6F) by active LPA time using 7-d tri-axial hip-worn accelerometry (Actigraph). Time of day was defined by which part of the day had the highest percentage (>50%) of LPA. Peripheral insulin sensitivity (M-value between 90-120 min) was measured using a 2-hr hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (40 mU/m2/min, 90 mg/dl), while hepatic (HOMA-IR), and adipose (Adipose-IR) insulin resistance were estimated from fasting glucose, FFA, and insulin, respectively. Aerobic fitness (VO2max), anthropometrics (BMI, waist circumference), and inflammation (TNF-α, CRP and IL-8 at 0 and 120 min) were also examined. RESULTS: There were no differences amongst groups in age (P = 0.60), ATP III criteria (P = 0.91), or VO2max (P = 0.76). While time in sedentary (P = 0.44) and moderate-to-vigorous activity (P = 0.66) were similar amongst groups, MOR (21.3 ± 1.7%, P = 0.03) and MID (21.1 ± 1.3%, P = 0.01) had increased time in LPA compared to AFT (16.5 ± 1.2%). Further, MOR had a lower BMI (33.1 ± 1 vs. 38.6 ± 1.8 vs. 41 ± 2 kg/m2, P = 0.004) and waist circumference (107.9 ± 1.8 vs. 115.3 ± 3.8 vs. 123.1 ± 5.4 cm, P = 0.02). Although clamp-derived insulin sensitivity (P = 0.43), HOMA-IR (P = 0.30), and adipose-IR (P = 0.81) were similar across groups, higher LPA (%) related to increased peripheral insulin sensitivity (r = 0.33, P = 0.04) and lower adipose-IR (r = -0.36, P = 0.02). There were no group differences in fasting or change (i.e. 120-0 min) in TNF-α (P = 0.55), CRP (P = 0.41) or IL-8 (P = 0.07). However, higher LPA (%) related to insulin stimulated reductions in IL-8 (r = -0.42, P = 0.01). These changes in IL-8 also correlated with a higher adipose-IR (r = 0.37, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Time spent in LPA relates to insulin sensitivity and earlier times of day. Future work should look at whether time of day influences body weight regulation and cardiovascular health to optimize disease prevention/treatment. Funding: NIH RO1-HL130296
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".