Pressure‐ and Temperature‐Dependent Interface Kinetics in Na<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>12</sub>‐Based All‐Solid‐State Na Metal Battery
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ceramic Na superionic conductor (NASICON)‐type Na3Zr2Si2PO12 solid‐state electrolyte is one of the prime candidates for Na metal solid‐state batteries due to its high room‐temperature ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability. However, a major challenge lies in integration of NASICONs with a Na anode due to the solid‐solid nature of the interface. Herein, the ductility of Na metal is capitalized and the impact of stack pressure and temperature in improving the interfacial properties of Na|NASICON symmetric cells is investigated. At 100 MPa stack pressure and 50 °C, the voltage polarization of the cells is approximately 10 times lower than those tested at 25 °C. The improved Na+‐ion kinetics result in a higher critical current density and a stable Na cycling response over long durations. Postmortem studies confirm the presence of Na dendrites in the pores and along the grain boundary of the NASICON ceramic structure. The results demonstrate the dependence of interface kinetics on pressure and temperature in a Na3Zr2Si2PO12‐based all‐solid state Na metal battery and presents a strategy for enabling stable operation of high‐energy, solid‐state Na batteries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".