Autofluorescence-decrease phenomenon of woody cell in Lophira alata
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background: Fluorescence is an intrinsic property of lignin. However, the autofluorescence of Lophira alata (L. alata) was found to be almost invisible during an occasional fluorescence observation experiment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reason why lignin autofluorescence is invisible in L. alata. Results: Herein, the autofluorescence microscopy, diffuse reflection spectra and UV-Vis absorption spectra of L. alata have been performed. In order to recognize the relationship between autofluorescence phenomenon and anatomical structure, themacroscopic, microscopic and ultramicroscopic characteristics of L. alata are also examined. Results show that both the longitudinal parenchyma and the rays are rich in extractives. Moreover, these extractives have infiltrated into the vessels and fibers. The autofluorescence of the wood becomes increasingly clear after the benzene–alcohol extraction treatment. Meanwhile, UV-Vis absorption spectrashow that the extractives from L. alata have a strong absorption to light at a wavelength range of 200-500 nm. Conclusions: The complex compounds like polyphenols or terpenoids contained in the rich extractives of L. alata are likely to affect the autofluorescence of lignin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".