The Effect of ultrasonography guided intra-articular corticosteroid injections in advanced knee osteoarthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effect of ultrasonography-guided intra-articular corticosteroid injection on pain, functional status and quality of life in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritisvaluate the effect of ultrasonography guided intra-articular corticosteroid injection on pain, functional status and quality of life in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis.METHODS: 50 knees of 26 patients who were diagnosed as grade 4 knee osteoarthritis according to Kellgren - Lawrence classification system were treated with ultrasonography-guided intra-articular injection of 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide. Perceived pain, weekly analgesic consumption, physical examination findings, knee pain threshold, functional status and quality of life were evaluated before and four weeks after the injection. Western - Ontario and McMaster Universities’ (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index was used to assess functional status, and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) was used to evaluate the quality of life. RESULTS: Mean age of study patients was 65±7.5 years and mean symptom duration was 74.7± 32.5 months. Visual analog scale for pain decreased from 85.3.±14.1 mm to 59, 6±21.1 mm (p=0.003) and mean analgesic consumption decreased from 8±3 to 3±2 (p=0.000). Total WOMAC score (p=0.000) and scores of 4 NHP subdivisions (pain (p=0.000); physical mobility (p=0.003), social isolation (p=0.012); emotional reactions (p=0.016) decreased significantly 4 weeks after the injection. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: CONCLUSION: Injection under ultrasonography guidance may improve the beneficial effects of corticosteroids in advanced knee osteoarthritis.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".