Lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury does not require production of reactive oxygen species by NAD(P)H oxidase
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We examined toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein signaling in the innate immune response to the invasion of the body by gram negative bacteria. When humans are exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS or endotoxin), neutrophils attach to the endothelium and infiltrate the lung. This involves activation of TLR4 on the endothelium and on neutrophils and the subsequent activation of cell signaling pathways, such as NF-kB and other transcription factors that stimulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, to promote the inflammation process. The activation of endothelial TLR4 produces a generalized inflammatory response that includes activation of adhesion molecules which results in the accumulation of neutrophils on the endothelial side of the inflamed tissue. To test the role of ROS production by NAD(P)H oxidase in this process, wild type (WT) mice and mice deficient in the p47phox component of NAD(P)H oxidase enzyme (KO) were challenged with LPS and the degree of pulmonary injury was assessed. In both WT and KO mice maximal lung injury was observed 4 hours after challenge with LPS. In contrast to WT mice, lung injury in KO mice was more severe and persisted for 8 hours
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".