Consistency in diatom response to metal-contaminated environments
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Diatoms play a key role in the functioning of streams, and their sensitivty to many environmental factors has led to the development of numerous diatom-based indices used in water quality assessment. Although diatom-based monitoring of metal contamination is not currently included in water qual ty monitoring programs, the effects of metals on diatom commun ties have been studied in many polluted watersheds as well as in laboratory experiments, underlying their high potential for metal contamination assessment. Here, we review the response of diatoms to metal pollution from individual level (e.g. size, growth form, and morphological abnormalities) to community structure (replacement of sensitive species by tolerant ones). These potential effects are then tested using a large multi-country database combining diatom and metal information. Metal contamination proved to be a strong driver of the community structure, and enabled for the identification of tolerant species like Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta, Eolimna minima , Fragilaria gracilis, Nitzschia sociabilis, Pinnularia parvulissima, and Surirella angusta. Among the traits tested, diatom cell size and the occurrence of diatom deformities were found to be good indicators of high metal contamination. This work provides a basis for further use of diatoms as indicators of metal pollution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".