Role of Ubiquitin in the Survival of Legionella pneumophila in Eukaryotic Host Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Eukaryotic cells use essential ubiquitin-mediated pathways in their defense against pathogenic bacteria, such as Legionella pneumophila, the intracellular pathogen of Legionnaire’s disease. Despite the protective role of these pathways, L. pneumophila virulence has evolved to secrete numerous effector proteins involved in co-opting host ubiquitin-mediated processes to facilitate their survival. Many of these effector proteins are of great research interest in the quest to demystify the molecular mechanisms underlying L. pneumophila pathogenesis as the bacterium has a vast repertoire of effector proteins. Methods: Articles were obtained from scientific literature databases such as PubMed and the McGill library. Selected articles provided an overview of the ubiquitination pathway, eukaryotic autophagy, L. pneumophila pathogenesis, and structural and functional analysis of L. pneumophila and other bacterial effectors involved in subverting host ubiquitin systems. Summary: This review discusses the current structural and functional characterization of L. pneumophila protein effectors involved in exploiting host ubiquitin machinery to facilitate intracellular bacterial survival. These protein effectors include those with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, LubX, AnkB, and SidC, which respectively mediate bacterial nutrient acquisition, temporal regulation of other effectors, and remodelling of the L. pneumophila replicative niche; the SidE family of effectors, which mediates the first novel, single-enzyme ubiquitination pathway and deubiquitination; and ravZ, a protease promoting evasion of host autophagy. However, the exact molecular functions and biological consequences of these effectors as well as the full repertoire of L. pneumophila effectors facilitating ubiquitin-mediated survival still require further investigation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".