CBS Domain: Its Structure, Ligand Binding, and Emerging Role in Regulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domains are structurally conserved motifs that are present in the proteomes of species from all kingdoms of life. Signifying their importance are the hereditary diseases resulting from mutations within the CBS sequence. They are usually encoded in tandem within a plethora of non-functionally related cytosolic or transmembrane proteins, often intramolecularly dimerizing to afford what is known as a CBS pair or Bateman module. It is also known that these CBS pairs can further multimerize to form higher-order assemblies, which have functions that remain to be elucidated. Moreover, a wide range of adenosyl ligands, divalent cations and nucleic acids have been documented to bind CBS domains and induce conformational changes to the larger protein in which they reside, thus suggesting their involvement in protein regulation in response to intracellular energy status. Methods: This review was written based on the existing data currently available in the literature and included findings from 44 papers. Selection of papers was based on those that provided up-to-date information on the structural characteristics of CBS domains and their involvement in protein regulation. Summary: This review aims to conceptualize the architectural characteristics of CBS domains, the structural basis of ligand binding, and its involvement in the regulation of protein function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".