Periurethral and Anterior Vaginal Wall Masses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the etiology and presenting symptoms of periurethral and anterior vaginal wall masses in a large series of patients in an academic institution. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 126 patients presenting and undergoing treatment for periurethral and anterior vaginal wall masses between November 2001 and July 2021 was completed. Clinicopathologic data were extracted. Ethics approval was obtained. The primary objective of this study was to determine the etiology of these masses; secondary objectives included determining the rates of presenting symptoms, complications, resolution of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and de novo SUI. RESULTS: The median age of patients was 42 years. The most common etiology was urethral diverticula (39.7%), followed by Skene gland cysts or abscesses (30.2%). The rate of malignancy was 1.6%, and the rate of infection was 21.4%. The most common presenting symptoms were sensation of mass (78.6%), dyspareunia (52.4%), and discharge (46.0%). The rate of surgical complications was 9.5%. Three patients had recurrence on follow-up, but there were no recurrent urethral diverticula after excision. The rate of de novo SUI was 5.6%. The rate of resolution of SUI was 67.6%, and all patients who had slings reported resolution of SUI. CONCLUSION: Urethral diverticula and Skene gland cysts or abscesses accounted for 70% of periurethral and anterior vaginal wall masses in this series. Treatment by complete excision is usually successful.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".