A High Potential, Low Capacity Fade Rate Iron Complex Posolyte for Aqueous Organic Flow Batteries
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract An iron complex, tris(4,4′‐bis(hydroxymethyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine) iron dichloride is reported, which operates at near‐neutral pH with a redox potential of 0.985 V versus SHE. This high potential compound is employed in the posolyte of an aqueous flow battery, paired with bis(3‐trimethylammonio)propyl viologen tetrachloride in the negolyte, exhibiting an open‐circuit voltage of 1.3 V at near‐neutral pH. It demonstrates excellent cycling performance with a low temporal capacity fade rate of 0.07% per day over 35 days of cycling. The extended cycling lifetime is the result of low permeability and improved structural stability of the newly developed iron complex compared to that of the iron tris(bipyridine) complex. The combination of high redox potential and low capacity fade rate compares favorably with those of all previously demonstrated organic and organometallic aqueous posolytes. Extensive investigation into the possible degradation mechanisms, including post‐mortem chemical and electrochemical analyses, indicates that stepwise ligand dissociations of the iron complex are responsible for the reported capacity loss during cell cycling. This investigation provides unprecedented insight to guide further improvements of such metalorganic compounds for energy storage and conversion applications.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it