16 RAM cannula versus Infant Flow Driver systems for post-extubation non-invasive ventilation support in extremely preterm infants - A retrospective cohort study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) delivered by RAM cannula is being used for post-extubation support of preterm infants in some centers for its potential benefits of ease of setup and less nasal trauma. Objectives To assess characteristics and clinical outcomes for infants extubated to NIV support delivered via RAM cannula, as compared to those extubated to Vyaire Infant Flow Driver (IFD) systems. Design/Methods Retrospective cohort study. All infants born at 25 to 27 + 6 weeks of gestation during a 3-year period (2016-2018) and admitted to a regional Level-3 NICU, were eligible if: 1) they were ventilated for RDS within 48 hours of birth, and 2) extubated to NIV support using RAM cannula or IFD systems (using Viasys or FabianTM devices). Primary outcome was the failure of the primary mode of NIV support within the first 72 hours post-extubation (defined as need for reintubation or change of initial NIV mode to prevent reintubation). We adjusted for antenatal steroid use and delivery route. Data was stratified for gestational age (GA) <26 wks/>=26 wks. Sensitivity analysis were performed on additional parameters, e.g., inborn status, duration of initial ventilation restricted to <4 days. Logistic and linear regression models were built for the categorical and continuous outcomes. Results 150 infants were enrolled, RAM cannula (n = 62) and IFD devices (n = 88). The majority of patients in both groups were on conventional ventilation, received one dose of surfactant, and were on FiO2 <0.3 prior to extubation. RAM cannula group had significantly longer duration of intubation prior to first extubation (median duration 99 hrs vs 19 hrs). There was no difference in the primary outcome between the groups [(RAM 51.6% and IFD 45.5%; adjOR 1.25(95% CIs: 0.65 – 2.4)]. However, RAM cannula group had higher rates of reintubation within <=7 days after extubation (89.5% vs 68.5%; adjOR 3.87(95% CIs: 1.18, 12.73), p-value=0.026] and higher incidence of IVH [62.9% vs 38.6%; 2.77(95% CIs: 1.39, 5.53), p-value 0.004], with lesser infants weaned to room air prior to discharge [58.1% vs 76.1.6%; adjOR 0.42(95% CIs: 0.21, 0.85), p-value 0.016]. In the stratified analyses by GA, these differences were noted to be restricted to those born at >=26 weeks, with an additional risk for increased BPD36 (adjORs 2.76 (95% CIs: 1.16, 6.57), p-value 0.022] associated with the RAM cannula use in this stratum. Conclusion Post-extubation NIV support via RAM cannula, as compared to IFD systems, was associated with higher rates of reintubation in <=7 days, IVH, with a greater number of infants discharged home on supplemental oxygen.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".