The protist ubiquitin ligase effector PbE3-2 targets RD21A to impede plant immunity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Clubroot caused by the soil-borne protist pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae is one of the most devastating diseases of Brassica oil and vegetable crops worldwide. Understanding the pathogen infection strategy is crucial for the development of disease control. However, the molecular mechanism by which this pathogen promotes infection remains largely unknown. Here, we identified a P. brassicae -secreted effector PbE3-2 that impedes plant immunity by ubiquitinating the immune regulator RD21A for degradation. Overexpression of PbE3-2 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in higher susceptibility to P. brassicae and decreases in chitin-triggered reactive oxygen species burst and expression of marker genes in salicylic acid signaling. PbE3-2 interacted with and ubiquitinated RD21A in vitro and in vivo . Mutant plants deficient in RD21A exhibited similar susceptibility and compromsied immune responses as in PbE3-2 overexpression plants. These results suggest that P. brassicae promotes clubroot disease through RD21A degradation mediated by the effector PbE3-2. As PbE3-2 is widely conserved across different P. brassicae pathotypes, the degradation of RD21A by PbE3-2 might be a prevalent infection strategy in this pathogen.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".