Chemical conversion of electrodeposited PbO2 to the all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites CsPbBr3 and CsPbCl3
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the development of stable, wide bandgap lead halide perovskites for application as photoelectrodes, light emitting diodes and photosensors. In this work, lead dioxide was electrodeposited from an aqueous electrochemical bath and transformed by a two-step chemical conversion process to CsPbI3, CsPbBr3 and CsPbCl3. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy measurements confirmed the two-step chemical conversion of PbO2 to PbBr2 or PbCl2 followed by their conversion to the all-inorganic lead halide perovskites CsPbBr3 or CsPbCl3. It was found that chemical conversion of PbO2 to PbI2 and then CsPbI3 led to the non-perovskite δ-CsPbI3. This work presents the first example of the chemical transformation of electrodeposited PbO2 to PbBr2 and PbCl2 to form wide bandgap CsPbBr3 and CsPbCl3 perovskites. Absorbance spectroscopy measurements confirmed the optical gap of the wide bandgap CsPbBr3 and CsPbCl3 materials while linear sweep voltammetry measurements demonstrated that CsPbCl3 has a larger electrochemical stability window than CsPbBr3.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".