Design and fabrication of reconfigurable, broadband and high gain complementary split-ring resonator microstrip-based radiating structure for 5G and WiMAX applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Frequency reconfigurability and high gain are the two essential parameters of any antenna design, and these two parameters are successfully achieved in the antenna presented in this manuscript. The two RF switching diodes are used to alter the charge distribution over the patch region to achieve frequency reconfigurability. The fabrication carried out using the FR-4 material keeps the antenna cost low. The performance of the presented work is analyzed in terms of reflectance coefficient, total gain, bandwidth, directivity, fractional bandwidth, and normalized directivity. The novelty in the presented work is the filling of copper and liquid-based split-ring resonators in superstrate regions over the patch area to identify the performance improvement. The presented design provides the maximum frequency reconfigurability of 550 MHz, a minimum reflectance coefficient of −44.821 dB, and a maximum bandwidth of 462 MHz. The addition of superstrate layers will enhance the gain and maximum gain of 3.49 dB. The presented novel work will provide the multiband behavior which targets the different wireless communication applications like 5G communication and WiMAX.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".