Quintin Barry, Disputed Victory: Schley, Sampson and The Spanish-American War of 1898 by Jim Gallen
Bibliographic record
Abstract
More so than most American wars, the Spanish-American War of 1898 was fought by naval forces.Disputed Victory: Schley, Sampson and The Spanish-American War of 1898 is the story of the naval aspects of that war and the quarrels over the glory that followed.The book begins with a background of the US Navy of the late nineteenth century and its battleships.It was a period of change as navies of the world transitioned from wood and sail to metal and steam, armaments improved, and naval theory advanced.For the United States, insulated by oceans and lacking overseas empires to protect, it presented a tug-of-war between those seeking to make do with the relics that survived the post-Civil War downsizing and those stiving to keep pace with European navies whose threat might never approach American shores, or at least until the next generation of ships was launched.It also became a contest between those clinging to the tactics of the past and the visionaries studying new horizons at a new Naval War College.The book next focusses on the main characters involved: Winfield Scott Schley, commander of the Flying Squadron that fought the Spanish fleet off Santiago de Cuba; William Thomas Sampson, Commander of the North Atlantic Squadron, of which the Flying Squadron was a part; George Dewey, Commander of the Asiatic Squadron and hero of Manila Bay; Theodore Roosevelt, Assistant Secretary of the Navy who put many of the pieces into place until organizing the Rough Riders and going to Cuba with an Army command.Other major characters are Alfred Thayer Mahan, a driving intellect in the molding of the then-modern navy and Pascal Cervera, the Spanish naval commander.The narrative then explores the relationships between the United States and Spain and American preparations for conflict.Having laid out the background, the author turns his attention to the actual naval encounters.The Northern Mariner / Le marin du nord 32, no.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.020 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".