Effect of loss of bond on the behaviour of RC beams under service load conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deviation of the flexural reinforcement spacing from code specifications appears to underly the cause of the loss of bond (LoB) between concrete and steel that preceded the unexpected collapse of the top-floor balcony of a building under service load conditions on 15 October 2021 in Athens. Although rare, LoB has also been identified as the cause of collapse of buildings under similar conditions in the UK and Canada. However, the codes of practice for reinforced concrete (RC) design neither make reference to the effect of LoB on structural behaviour, nor include LoB in the parameters that the formulae currently used for assessing load-carrying capacity are dependent on. In view of this, a description of the effect of LoB on the function of RC beams is provided in this paper and this description is used as the basis for the derivation of a formula linking LoB with load-carrying capacity. The validity of the proposed formula is verified using published experimental information on the subject. The proposed formula is used for the structural assessment of the collapsed balcony, taking into account the design details, physical state and loading conditions of structural members similar to the one that collapsed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".