An Optically Transparent Meshed Patch Antenna With Enhanced Bandwidth for CubeSat Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new transparent stacked meshed patch antenna resonating at 2.5 GHz that offers wide impedance bandwidth and high efficiency along with light-weight and high integrability with CubeSat solar cells. The bandwidth improvement comes from two meshed square patches that are placed on top of each other and have two close resonance frequencies. The first design consists of two Fused Silica glass substrates with an overall height of 5 mm in which the first layer acts as both antenna's substrate and solar cell cover glass. The antenna demonstrates an impedance bandwidth of 6.1%, peak gain of 6.9 dBi, and efficiency higher than 90%. The results were a motivation for further exploration of the performance of the stacked antenna with a sacrificial polymer material between two patches resulting in a lightweight antenna. The second antenna is lighter by 30% at the expense of lower efficiency. Further weight reduction is applied by partially removing the sacrificial polymer. All the proposed antennas have transparency higher than 90%. Thus, they can be placed directly on top of the solar cells without a significant effect on the solar cell's efficiency.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".