Apoptosis-based topotecan-loaded superparamagnetic drug delivery system: an in vitro study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Biological barriers could be overcome using nanobiotechnology, which promotes the development of nanomaterial-based delivery systems. The primary objective of the present investigation is superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION) production for the delivery of topotecan to human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The X-ray diffraction results confirmed the formation of pure SPIONs. The Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated the functional groups related to aminopropyl trimethoxy silane as a coating agent and topotecan. Topotecan-loaded magnetite nanoparticles with an IC50of approximately 156 μg/ml exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity. The polymerase chain reaction method also proved that in the mentioned cell line, topotecan-loaded SPIONs could increase the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and p53 gene expression. An annexin V/propidium iodide detection assay was done to detect the induction of apoptosis. According to the results, the nanoparticles inhibit the survival of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by boosting apoptosis, which helps slow the growth of tumor cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".