Effect of Two Vitamin D Repletion Protocols on 24-hour Urine Calcium in Patients with Recurrent Calcium Kidney Stones and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Objectives The effect of two treatment protocols on serum levels of vitamin D and 24-hour urine calcium in patients with calcium urolithiasis and vitamin D deficiency Design, Setting, Participants A parallel-group randomized controlled clinical trial on patients who referred to Labbafinejad stone prevention clinic, Tehran, Iran. From 88 recurrent calcium kidney stone formers, 62 patients completed the study. The age of study participants were 18 to 70 years old and, had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level 10–20 ng/ml. Intervention Study participants received 2000 IU vitamin D daily for 12 weeks or 50000 IU vitamin D weekly for eight weeks. Main outcome measures Study variables including 24-hour urine calcium, supersaturations of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathormone were measured at the beginning and after 12 weeks. Results The 24-hour urine calcium significantly increased in both groups (B = 69.70, p < 0.001), with no significant difference between treatments. Both groups showed no significant change in the supersaturation levels of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D increased significantly (B = 12.53, p < 0.001), with more increase in the 50,000 IU group (B = 3.46, p = 0.003). Serum parathormone decreased in both groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions Although both treatment protocols increased 24-hour urine calcium, they did not increase the supersaturation state of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate. Trial registration IRCT20160206026406N4, 13/08/2019
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".