Sliwa, Joanna. 2021. <i>Jewish Childhood in Kraków: A Microhistory of the Holocaust</i> . New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. 218 pp. ISBN 978-1-978822-94-8
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Childhood in Kraków: A Microhistory of the Holocaust sheds light on the lives of Jewish children in Kraków during the Holocaust, beginning with the occupation of Kraków on September 6, 1939.By exploring a remarkable range of sources such as written and oral testimonies, memoirs, diaries, and newspapers, this book presents a great variety of Jewish children's experiences in the time of extremes: persecution, hiding, living under false identity, as well as their life in the Kraków ghetto and the Plaszow camp.In her book, Sliwa argues, that while for the Jews, Jewish children represented the future, for the Nazis, Jewish children were either useless as they were not able to work, or an enemy who had no place in Nazi Germany's plan for a New Order (Neuordnung), therefore a threat to the imagined purity of Aryan society.Such clashing views on the place and role of Jewish children, Sliwa claims, formed how Jewish children experienced the Holocaust.Sliwa also examines how children experienced the Holocaust as witnesses and victims, how Jewish leadership and adults reacted to the persecution of their children, and what the responses of non-Jews in wartime Kraków were.By presenting a social history of Jewish children in Kraków during the Holocaust, Sliwa's book contributes not only to the history of the Holocaust, and the history of children's experiences, but it also adds to the micro-historical research of Kraków, which served as a strategic, historical, cultural, and religious hub, a place with flourishing Jewish life prior to the war.By focusing on the defined geographic area with various spatial notions, Sliwa considers the role of site, space, place, landscape, and topography; and thus explores different functions of the city.Sliwa also introduces the intersectionality of numerous identities of Jewish children, such as gender, age, religiosity, presence of their parents, "Jewish" appearance, pre-war societal and economic background, as well as their relations with Catholic Poles before the war, but also other categories, such as luck.These identities and categories at the time had a direct or secondary impact on children's experiences and on their own survival strategies or those strategies used by their parents or other caregivers.While focusing on the geography of Kraków East.Eur.Holocaust Stud.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".