Wintering molecular changes in the brain of Calidris pusilla at lower latitude
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background: Migrant birds prepare differently to fly north for breeding in spring and for the flight to lower latitudes during autumn avoiding the cold and food shortages of the north hemisphere's harsh winter. The molecular events associated with these fundamental stages in the life history of migrants include the differential gene expression in different tissues. Semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) are Artic breeding shorebirds that migrate to the coast of South America during non-breeding season. Thus, the adaptive molecular changes in the brain of these birds at lower latitudes have not yet been investigated in detail. Results: Here, we searched for differential gene expression in the brain of semipalmated sandpiper, of recent arrived birds (RA) from autumnal migration and that of individuals in the premigratory period (PM) in the spring. All individuals were collected in the tropical coastal of northern Brazil. We generated a De novo neurotranscriptome for C. pusilla individuals and compared gene expression across libraries for neurotranscriptome. To that end we mapped RNA-seq reads to the C. pusilla neurotranscriptome in a total of 4 brain samples each group. A total of 266,414 transcripts were reconstructed that yielded 615 differentially expressed genes in the brain of both groups. Conclusions: The present report revealed a remarkable differential gene expression in the brain of recently arrived and premigratory individuals. It also revealed molecular brain changes associated with the recovering of the 4 to 5 days long-distance uninterrupted flight across Atlantic Ocean and preparation for the long-distance multiple stopover spring migration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".