Aerobic Exercise Training Response in Preterm-Born Young Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure and Stage 1 Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Rationale Premature birth is an independent predictor of long-term cardiovascular risk. Individuals affected are reported to have a lower rate of V˙ o 2 at peak exercise intensity (V˙ o 2PEAK) and at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (V˙ o 2VAT), but little is known about their response to exercise training. Objectives The primary objective was to determine whether the V˙ o 2PEAK response to exercise training differed between preterm-born and term-born individuals; the secondary objective was to quantify group differences in V˙ o 2VAT response. Methods Fifty-two preterm-born and 151 term-born participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training (n = 102) or a control group (n = 101). Cardiopulmonary exercise tests were conducted before and after the intervention to measure V˙ o 2PEAK and the V˙ o 2VAT. A prespecified subgroup analysis was conducted by fitting an interaction term for preterm and term birth histories and exercise group allocation. Measurements and Main Results For term-born participants, V˙ o 2PEAK increased by 3.1 ml/kg/min (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 4.4), and the V˙ o 2VAT increased by 2.3 ml/kg/min (95% CI, 0.7 to 3.8) in the intervention group versus controls. For preterm-born participants, V˙ o 2PEAK increased by 1.8 ml/kg/min (95% CI, −0.4 to 3.9), and the V˙ o 2VAT increased by 4.6 ml/kg/min (95% CI, 2.1 to 7.0) in the intervention group versus controls. No significant interaction was observed with birth history for V˙ o 2PEAK (P = 0.32) or the V˙ o 2VAT (P = 0.12). Conclusions The training intervention led to significant improvements in V˙ o 2PEAK and V˙ o 2VAT, with no evidence of a statistically different response based on birth history. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02723552).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".