The effect of alcoholic solutions on the thermomechanical properties of immersed poly(lactic acid) films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The effects of aqueous and deuterium oxide (D 2 O) solutions of alcohols (methanol, ethanol, 1‐propanol, 2‐propanol, and 1‐butanol) on the thermomechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)—PLA—films were assessed by dynamic mechanical analysis. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of PLA films immersed in 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (v/v) alcoholic solutions were compared with the T g of films immersed in 100% water and D 2 O. The T g of PLA films immersed in methanol and ethanol aqueous solutions decreased as the concentration of the alcohol solutions increased. For methanol and ethanol, the T g decreased by 8.6 and 7.6°C per 25% (v/v) increase in alcohol, respectively. When the PLA films were immersed in propanol aqueous solutions and butanol, the T g reached the lowest value at 75% (v/v) and 100% (v/v), respectively. T g of PLA films immersed in 1‐propanol and 2‐propanol decreased by 8.6 and 8.9°C for every 25% increase in propanol before reaching the minimum value, respectively. Aqueous and D 2 O solutions had similar effects on T g . Selective studies of crystallinity evolution, ethanol sorption, degree of swelling, and Hansen solubility parameters of PLA were conducted. This work assists in developing PLA films intended for contact with aqueous‐alcoholic solutions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".